Page 45 - Institusi Pendidikan Tinggi Di Era Digital: Pemikiran, Permodelan, Dan Praktik Baik

32 Institusi Pendidikan Tinggi di Era Digital: Pemikiran, Permodelan dan Praktek Baik

beberapa definisi yang perlu dipahami (lihat Tabel 1). Dalam kurun waktu
beberapa tahun ini, pembahasan mengenai entrepreneurial university
semakin mengemuka yang berpengaruh pada bagaimana para ahli
mendefinisikannya.

Tabel 1. Definisi Entrepreneurial University

Year Author Definition

1998 Clark An entreprenurial university, on its own, seeks to innovate
in how it goes to business. It seeks to become stand up
universities that are significant actors in their own terms
1998 Ropke An entreprenurial university can mean three things: the
university it self, as an organization becomes
entrepreneurial, the member of university are turning
themselves somehow into entrepreneurs, and the intraction
of the university with the environment.
2002 Kirby As the heart of innovation culture, entrepreneurial
universities have the ability to innovate, recognize and
create opportunities, work in teams, take risks and
respond the challenge.
2003 Jacob, An entreprenurial university is based both
Lundvist and commercialization (customs made further education
Hellsmark courses, consultancy services and extension activities) and
commoditization (patents, licensing).
2003 Williams ...is nothing more than a seller of services in the knowledge
industry...
2008 Shattock Entrepreneurlism is a reflection both institutional
adaptiveness to a changing envireonment and of the
capacity of univesities to produce innovation through
research and new ideas.
Sumber: Aracil et al., 2013:16

Salamsadeh et al. (2011), mengajukan definisi menggunakan model
Input-Process-Output yaitu “entrepreneurial university as a dynamic system,
which includes special inputs (resources, regulation, rule, mission,
entrepreneurial capabilities, expectation society), process (teaching,
research, managerial process, networking, interaction, and innovation, R&D
activities), outputs (innovation and invention, entrepreneurial network,