Page 329 - Universitas Terbuka Center of Excellence In Asia 2010 and The World 2020 (A Journey Towards a Leading Open and Distance Education Institution 1984-2008)

Nowadays and in the future , internalization of higher education is

increasing due to easy access to other countries and continents, and expansion
of information and communication technology, and also because of the

knowledge itself, which requires scientists and researchers to work together and
share knowledge in various activities and forums. There is no single system of

higher education in the world which is sterile so that it can be indifferent to
external influence. A higher education institution, by any means, can be always

be intervened and get international influence, such as through academic staff
who study in other countries or becoming a lecture or visiting researcher in other

countries, and because of the relationship and partnership with other institutions
or other international agencies.

The intensity level of internationalization of higher education vary, from the

modest one to a multifaceted process, integrating international dimensions in
learning, research, and public services into the main function of higher education

institution (Watcher, 1999). Various forms of internationalization of higher
education include the following : students' mobility, (2) mobility of academic staff,

(3) curriculum internationalization, (4) development of complete and
comprehensive campus subsidiaries, (5) institutional cooperation and networking,

(6) recognition of programs and subjects by other institutions, (7) network of
transnational universities, and (8) virtual trans-national learning (van Damme,

2001 ). This phenomenon is in line with the growth of information and
communication technology which augments international culture of any higher

education institution in the world.

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