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Trends in Science and Technology 217
for Sustainable Living

(Srichaikul, 2018). Clitoria ternatea flowers have the potential to be
used as functional food incorporated into various food products
or even as supplements or pharmaceutical drugs combined
with commercial medications to enhance therapeutic efficacy
in patients (Rajamanickam et al., 2015). Various triterpenoids,
flavonols, glycosides, anthocyanins, and steroids have been
identified from Clitoria ternatea. The thermally stable fraction of
Clitoria ternatea extract was used to isolate cyclotides, also known
as cliotides. Furthermore, the blue hue of Clitoria ternatea is due
to anthocyanins, specifically ternatin, a polyacylated derivative of
3,3’,5’-triglucoside delphinidin (Da-T) (Neda et al., 2013).
Anthocyanins are malonylated delphinidin
3,3',5'-triglucosides, which have a 3',5' side chain with alternating
D-glucose and p-coumaric acid units at R and R1, respectively. All
blue petal lines contain a total of 15 (poly) delphinidin acylated
glucoside derivatives, notably ternatin A1-A3, B1-B4, C1-C4, and
D1-D3, with additional delphinidin derivatives detected in some
experiments (Suveena et al., 2022; Shen et al., 2016; Zakaria et al.,
2018). Ternatin A1, A2, B1, B2, D1, and D2 are the flower’s six main
anthocyanins (Mukherjee et al., 2008). Fourteen kaempferol,
quercetin, and myricetin glycosides with H or OH at R1 and R2, and
H, rhamnosyl, or malonyl at R3 and R4 are discovered in the petals
(Kazuma et al., 2003; Mukherjee et al., 2008). Shen et al. (2016)
isolated fatty acids (palmitic acid, stearic acid, petroselinic acid,
linoleic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, and phytanic acid),
phytosterols (campesterol, stigmasterol, -sitosterol, and sitostanol),
and tocopherols (-tocopherol and -tocopherol) from Clitoria
ternatea. Neda et al. (2013) detected additional components
such as mome inositol, pentanal, cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(1-
methylethylidene), and hirsutene. Additionally, these compounds
are utilized to treat tumors, chronic bronchitis, goiter, leprosy, visual
problems, skin conditions, and sore throats. The herb can also create
leprosy ointments (Singh et al., 2018).
The flower also includes flavonol glycosides, such as
3-O-(2”,6”-di-O-rhamnosyl)-glucoside of kaempferol, quercetin,
and myricetin, which were extracted from the petals. The flower