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05           Distance                                   ESTABLISHMENT




                  Education                                  Correspondence       University    and

                                                             Distance Higher Education in Japanese
                  for Higher                                 Educational System
                  Education                                  Until  now,  lifelong  learning  has  been
                                                             considered  to  be  the  farthest  from  higher
                  and Lifelong                               education  within Japan’s education  system.
                                                             One  reason  for  this  could  be  that  lifelong
                  Learning in                                learning  has  traditionally  been  viewed  as

                  Japan                                      a  continuation  of  social  schooling,  and
                                                             as  “leisure  learning”  or  “time  killing”  for
                                                             persons  with  too  much  free  time.  But  the
                                                             greater reason lies with the higher education
                                                             institutions’ systems that were not structured
                                                             to  sufficiently  meet  the  needs  of  lifelong
                  Masaya Iwanaga and                         learners. Rather, they were well known to be
                  Tsuneo Yamada                              extremely closed systems for adult learners.

                  The Open University of Japan               Early  universities  were  open  to  anybody

                                                             who needed or wanted to learn for as long
                                                             and  as  much  as  they  required,  and  they
                                                             were not restricted to a specific age range.
                                                             As  modernization  progressed,  this  form
                                                             was  gradually  replaced  by  standardized
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