Page 295 - Trends in Science and Technology fo Sustainable Living

256 Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi
Universitas Terbuka (2023)

INTRODUCTION

An expanding global population necessitates stable food
availability, yet agriculture suffers from the consequences of
climate change water and energy scarcity. The agricultural industry
is also responsible for worldwide freshwater resource depletion and
greenhouse gas emissions, mainly CH and N O. While intensive
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food production techniques like aquaculture and greenhouse
vegetable growth can be highly productive, they significantly
negatively impact the environment. However, this system is more
environmentally friendly due to various initiatives and significant
scientific advancements, such as sustainable intensification, which
refers to creating sustainable food production systems with low
resource requirements and high biomass output.
Wastewater is water recycled from domestic, commercial, or
industrial sources. Water is 99.9% of wastewater, with the remaining
0.1% of dissolved, colloidal, and suspended particles. The technique
of wastewater reuse in aquaculture has a long history in East, South,
and Southeast Asia, where the world’s most fabulous aquaculture
production occurs. Even though conventional fish farming methods
use wastewater from multiple sources without prior treatment,
recent advances in engineered wastewater treatment systems
include an aquaculture component in the form of maturation ponds
in effluent stabilization pond systems for aquaculture.
The use of biofloc technology in the aquaculture industry
has gained significant acceptance among aquaculture farmers.
Because of this, the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries
of Indonesia, through the Directorate General of Aquaculture,
encourages the public to implement technological innovations in
the biofloc fish farming system (Fitriani, 2021). Several factors have
contributed to the increasing popularity and acceptance of this
technology. Following are the reasons why biofloc technology is well
received: