Page 301 - Proceeding The 2nd International Seminar of Science and Technology : Accelerating Sustainable Innovation Towards Society 5.0

nd
The 2 International Seminar of Science and Technology
“Accelerating Sustainable innovation towards Society 5.0”
ISST 2022 FST UT 2022
Universitas Terbuka
1 INTRODUCTION
The amount of Indonesian rice consumption is very high, this is
evidenced by data from the 2019 Central Statistics Agency, which
shows the total rice consumption of the Indonesian population is
103.62 kg per capita per year. This figure is higher than the standard
set by the FAO (Food And Agricultural Organization), which is 60-65
kg per capita per year, so Indonesia occupies the third largest position
in the world after China and India in terms of the amount of national
rice consumption [1]. The high consumption of national rice is caused
by the majority of Indonesian people's staple food is rice and the
population continues to increase. Data from the Directorate General
of Dukcapil of the Ministry of Home Affairs shows that Indonesia's
population will reach 273 million people in the second semester of
2021, while according to Worldmeter data, Indonesia's population in
April 2022 will reach 278 million people, meaning that Indonesia's
population is 3.51 per cent of the world's total population [2]. Thomas
Robert Malthus in 1978, had predicted that the population would grow
faster than the increase in the amount of food. This is a challenge for
the Indonesian people to meet the population's food because food is
a human right for every citizen and is an obligation that must be carried
out by the government. As stipulated in the 1945 Constitution Article
281 paragraph, 4 which reads "Protection, promotion, enforcement,
and fulfilment of human rights are the responsibility of the state,
especially the government." Thus, various government efforts are
needed to formulate and implement food security programs to ensure
that food needs and affordable and adequate nutrition are met.
However, providing rice for the population with a high growth rate will
not be able to rely on land area and rice harvest area, which currently
tends to shrink. Data from the Central Statistics Agency for 2022
states that in 2021 the total rice harvested area will decrease by 2.30%
compared to 2020 [3]. Increasing land area is not an easy job and
requires a lot of time and money, so it is necessary to increase the
harvested area to achieve self-sufficiency. According to FAO 1999, a
country is self-sufficient if its total production can meet 90% of national

ISST 2022 – FST Universitas Terbuka, Indonesia 271
International Seminar of Science and Technology “Accelerating Sustainable
Towards Society 5.0