Page 280 - Proceeding The 2nd International Seminar of Science and Technology : Accelerating Sustainable Innovation Towards Society 5.0

nd
he 2 International Seminar of Science and Technology
“Accelerating Sustainable innovation towards Society 5.0”
ISST 2022 FST UT 2022
Universitas Terbuka

beef cattle that have a fairly high carcass percentage, namely 51%
[12] to 54% [25]. Bali cattle also have the best productivity levels with
low input values and good environmental stress resistance [26]. Bali
beef has good quality with low fat content [26]. The reproductive
efficiency of Bali cattle is classified as good with a service per
conception (S/C) value of 1.76 to 1.84 [11] with a conception rate (CR)
of 80.00 - 86.67% [17]. Spermatozoa that come out of the testes and
enter the epididymis are non-functional spermatozoa because of their
low motility and ability to fertilize oocytes [5]. Incompetent
spermatozoa produced by the testes undergo a process of maturation
and storage in the ductus epididymis. Spermatozoa in each part of the
epididymis have different characteristics because there are
morphological changes, especially in the head and migration of
cytoplasmic droplets [4].
During the journey from the head to the body, cytoplasmic droplets
move, from the head to the tail intermediate then will be released from
the spermatozoa either through the fluid in the cauda epididymis,
during or after ejaculation, depending on the species. In addition,
changes in the pattern or integrity of the acrosome also occur with the
transit of spermatozoa in the epididymis. The study conducted by
Varesi et al., [27] showed that spermatozoa located in the cauda
epididymis had acrosomal integrity and acrosome normality that were
higher than those in the head and corpus. Furthermore, the proportion
of normal spermatozoa morphology also increased significantly from
the head to the cauda epididymis. According to Gatti et al., [9]
spermatozoa motility has also developed in the head of the
epididymis. A small number of spermatozoa in the head of the
epididymis began to show the ability to swim progressively and
recognize oocytes [1]. The concentration of spermatozoa in the head
6
is 25-50 x 10 [22]. Spermatozoa in the head of the epididymis have
cytoplasmic droplets in the proximal part [13]. Characteristics of
spermatozoa continue to develop from the head of the epididymis
before reaching optimal levels in the distal cauda. The location of
cytoplasmic droplets of spermatozoa in the corpus epididymis has

250 ISST 2022 – FST Universitas Terbuka, Indonesia
International Seminar of Science and Technology “Accelerating Sustainable
Towards Society 5.0