Page 271 - Proceeding The 2nd International Seminar of Science and Technology : Accelerating Sustainable Innovation Towards Society 5.0

The 2 International Seminar of Science and Technology
nd
“Accelerating Sustainable innovation towards Society 5.0”
ISST 2022 FST UT 2022
Universitas Terbuka
and touch which will be the stimulus for the entry of stimuli in a person.
At the age of 25 years is a peak and will decrease slowly until the age
of 60 years. Then the average learning ability of a person will decrease
drastically after the age of 60 years. According to the 2018 BPS, the
age of farmers in Indonesia is dominated by the age range of 45 - 54
years with a total of 7.8 million farmers, while those aged less than 25
years are only 274 thousand farmers and the age range of 25 - 34
years is 2.95 million farmers. Therefore, to be able to realize the
digitalization of agriculture in Indonesia, it is necessary to regenerate
farmers and have intensive assistance from agricultural extension
workers and support from the government. With the implementation of
agricultural digitalization in Indonesia, it is expected that there will be
an increase in agricultural productivity which will then realize food self-
sufficiency. Then it will also have an impact on increasing farmers'
income, which is expected to increase the welfare of farmers as well.
Indicators that can be used to measure farmers' welfare are: (1)
income structure development, (2) food expenditure development, and
(3) Farmer's Exchange Rate. But in this paper, the author will only
discuss the three points, namely the exchange rate of farmers.
Farmer's Exchange Rate is the ratio between the price index received
by farmers and the price index paid by farmers. If the farmer has a
farmer's exchange rate of more than one hundred, then the price
received by the farmer is greater than the price index paid by the
farmer. Meanwhile, if the farmer's exchange rate is equal to one
hundred, then the relationship between the level of commodity prices
sold by farmers and the prices of goods purchased by farmers is the
same. And if the farmer's exchange rate is less than one hundred, then
the price received by the farmer is smaller than the price index paid by
the farmer. The price index received by farmers is a price index that
shows the price of farmers' production, while the price index paid by
farmers is a price index that shows the price of needs (for consumption
and for the production process) of farmer households [18]. The higher
the farmer's exchange rate, the better the farmers' purchasing power
for consumption products and inputs and means that they are

ISST 2022 – FST Universitas Terbuka, Indonesia 241
International Seminar of Science and Technology “Accelerating Sustainable
Towards Society 5.0