Page 266 - Proceeding The 2nd International Seminar of Science and Technology : Accelerating Sustainable Innovation Towards Society 5.0

nd
he 2 International Seminar of Science and Technology
“Accelerating Sustainable innovation towards Society 5.0”
ISST 2022 FST UT 2022
Universitas Terbuka

program. The form of the success of the Indonesian government in
efforts to increase productivity through the Green Revolution was the
success of Indonesia for self-sufficiency in agricultural rice in 1984,
but because the Green Revolution had various negative impacts, the
Green Revolution program was stopped. In August 2022, Indonesia
managed to get an award from the International Rice Research
Institute because Indonesia has succeeded in having a good food
security system and succeeded in being self-sufficient in rice in the
2019-2021 period [4].
The agricultural sector is the largest sector in terms of employment [5].
According to the Central Bureau of Statistics, in 2020 the number of
Indonesians working in the agricultural sector reached 38.23 million
workers or around 29.76% of the 128.45 million people who work [5].
This means that the agricultural sector in general still requires a lot of
manpower, both on farm and off farm. In addition, the agricultural
sector is one of the largest contributors to the distribution of Gross
Domestic Growth, whose value reaches 12.98% with a growth of
1.37% [6]. Based on the level of welfare, Indonesia belongs to the
group of Developing Countries. When viewed from the level of income
per capita, Developing Countries are generally included in low-income
countries with per capita incomes of less than 770 dollars, while in
developed countries the per capita income is more than 9,000 dollars.
According to these criteria, Indonesia is included in a middle-income
country with a per capita income of 880 dollars, even reaching 1,000
dollars [9]. Developing countries have the characteristics of (1) low
living standards, (2) low productivity, (3) population growth rates and
high dependency burdens, (4) high rates of unemployment and
underemployment accompanied by a scarcity of jobs, (5) the level of
dependence on agricultural production and exports of primary
products, and (6) the dominance of dependence.
The agricultural sector for developing countries has a very large role
in the country's economic development efforts and also contributes to
its economic activities. In 1998 Indonesia experienced an economic
crisis, but the agricultural sector was able to make a very important

236 ISST 2022 – FST Universitas Terbuka, Indonesia
International Seminar of Science and Technology “Accelerating Sustainable
Towards Society 5.0