Page 328 - Proceeding The 2nd International Seminar of Science and Technology : Accelerating Sustainable Innovation Towards Society 5.0

nd
he 2 International Seminar of Science and Technology
“Accelerating Sustainable innovation towards Society 5.0”
ISST 2022 FST UT 2022
Universitas Terbuka

A study conducted by the Rodale Institute in 2011 demonstrated the
advantages of organic farming, which is an example of green farming,
over conventional farming. These advantages are better performance
in the dry season and save 45% of energy use than conventional
farming. Conventional agriculture produces 40% more greenhouse
gas emissions which can exacerbate global warming. The Rodale
Institute further discovered the fact that organic farming is three times
more profitable than conventional farming. Data for the period 2008-
2010 show that organic farming gains $1,395/hectare annually, while
conventional farming earns only $475/hectare/year. Iowa State
University also conducted a similar study and revealed the annual
profits of organic farming are up to $500/hectare more than
conventional farming. This is due to the low cost of organic farming
production because it does not require the cost of purchasing synthetic
pesticides and fertilizers at quite expensive prices, as well as the
relatively higher prices of organic crops in the market [6].
The organic farming system is one example of how sustainable
agriculture is used. Environmental protection is the main goal of the
crop production technique known as organic farming. This approach
does not rely on chemical inputs like pesticides and fertilizers [7]. The
methods employed in organic farming are derived from sustainable
farming systems that place an emphasis on the preservation and
conservation of natural resources in order to maintain the ecological
balance and help raise agricultural production over time. The following
actions assist with sustainable agriculture [8]:
3.1 Integrated Pest Management
Plant pest control can be done in a wiser and environmentally friendly
way by eliminating the use of chemical pesticides through the
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) method. IPM is pest control that is
carried out using natural elements that are able to control pests so that
they remain at an amount below the harmful threshold [9] in ways that
are safe for the environment and living things [10]. Some ways of
integrated pest control are use insects or animals known as natural
enemies of pests such as Tricogama sp. which are natural enemies of
egg parasites and larval parasites of plant pests; use pest trapping
plants to keep pests away from the main crop; and perform crop
296 ISST 2022 – FST Universitas Terbuka, Indonesia
International Seminar of Science and Technology “Accelerating Sustainable
Towards Society 5.0