Page 14 - Reimagining Higher Education : Case Studies On Designing For Inclusion, Equity, And Access In The Buka Project

Foreword

The Industrial Revolution 4.0 has had a tremendous impact on changing the

landscape of the business world and the industrial world. The automation and
digitization of various production processes and product marketing change the

order of HR competency needs tremendously. Various types of work that are

usually done by humans are replaced by machines, so that various HR
competencies and skills that are usually 'capital' to work become irrelevant. Those

rapid changes were accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic which significantly

changed the behaviour of economic actors so that it has nourished various
online-based business models. As a result, the World Economic Forum (2017)

predicts that by 2025 alone around 50% of the global workforce will now have to be
reskilling in order for them to do their 'new' jobs well. It is anticipated that these

changes will continue to take place as technology and business models develop and
advance in synchrony. Therefore, it will be necessary to consistently improve

human capital without interfering with their ability to perform their jobs

e ectively.
The conventional face-to-face education and training system for upskilling

and reskilling human resources will not be able to catch up with the speed of
change that occurs in the world of work or the business world. If we want to

improve the equity and accessibility of this prospect for lifelong human resource

development, we must take advantage of the options provided by the online
education and training system. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the practice of

online education has grown dramatically. Governments all around the world have
adopted policies to close schools, college campuses, and physical education and

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